NetApp Commandline Cheatsheet
This is a quick and dirty NetApp commandline cheatsheet on most of the common commands used, this is not extensive so check out the man pages and NetApp documentation. I will be updating this document as I become more familar with the NetApp application.
Server
Startup and Shutdown |
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Boot Menu | 1) Normal Boot.
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startup modes |
Note: there are other options but NetApp will provide these as when necessary |
shutdown | halt [-t <mins>] [-f] -t = shutdown after minutes specified |
restart | reboot [-t <mins>] [-s] [-r] [-f] -t = reboot in specified minutes -s = clean reboot but also power cycle the filer (like pushing the off button) -r = bypasses the shutdown (not clean) and power cycles the filer -f = used with HA clustering, means that the partner filer does not take over |
System Privilege and System shell |
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Privilege | priv set [-q] [admin | advanced] Note: by default you are in administrative mode |
Access the systemshell | ## First obtain the advanced privileges priv set advanced ## Then unlock and reset the diag users password useradmin diaguser unlock useradmin diaguser password ## Now you should be able to access the systemshell and use all the standard Unix ## commands systemshell login: diag password: ******** |
Licensing and Version |
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licenses (commandline) | ## display licenses ## Disabling a license |
Data ONTAP version | version [-b] -b = include name and version information for the primary, secondary and diagnostic kernels and the firmware |
Useful Commands |
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read the messages file | rdfile /etc/messages |
write to a file | wrfile -a <file> <text> # Examples wrfile -a /etc/test1 This is line 6 # comment here wrfile -a /etc/test1 "This is line \"15\"." |
System Configuration |
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General information | sysconfig sysconfig -v sysconfig -a (detailed) |
Configuration errors | sysconfig -c |
Display disk devices | sysconfig -d sysconfig -A |
Display Raid group information | sysconfig -V |
Display arregates and plexes | sysconfig -r |
Display tape devices | sysconfig -t |
Display tape libraries | sysconfig -m |
Environment Information |
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General information | environment status |
Disk enclosures (shelves) | environment shelf [adapter] environment shelf_power_status |
Chassis | environment chassis all environment chassis list-sensors environment chassis Fans environment chassis CPU_Fans environment chassis Power environment chassis Temperature environment chassis [PS1|PS2] |
Fibre Channel Information |
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Fibre Channel stats | fcstat link_status fcstat fcal_stat fcstat device_map |
SAS Adapter and Expander Information |
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Shelf information | sasstat shelf sasstat shelf_short |
Expander information | sasstat expander sasstat expander_map sasstat expander_phy_state |
Disk information | sasstat dev_stats |
Adapter information | sasstat adapter_state |
Statistical Information |
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System | stats show system |
Processor | stats show processor |
Disk | stats show disk |
Volume | stats show volume |
LUN | stats show lun |
Aggregate | stats show aggregate |
FC | stats show fcp |
iSCSI | stats show iscsi |
CIFS | stats show cifs |
Network | stats show ifnet |
Storage
Storage Commands |
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Display | storage show adapter storage show disk [-a|-x|-p|-T] storage show expander storage show fabric storage show fault storage show hub storage show initiators storage show mc storage show port storage show shelf storage show switch storage show tape [supported] storage show acp storage array show storage array show-ports storage array show-luns storage array show-config |
Enable | storage enable adapter |
Disable | storage disable adapter |
Rename switch | storage rename <oldname> <newname> |
Remove port | storage array remove-port <array_name> -p <WWPN> |
Load Balance | storage load balance |
Power Cycle | storage power_cycle shelf -h storage power_cycle shelf start -c <channel name> storage power_cycle shelf completed |
Disks
Disk Information |
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Disk name | This is the physical disk itself, normally the disk will reside in a disk enclosure, the disk will have a pathname like 2a.17 depending on the type of disk enclosure
Any disks that are classed as spare will be used in any group to replace failed disks. They can also be assigned to any aggregate. Disks are assigned to a specific pool. |
Disk Types |
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Data | holds data stored within the RAID group |
Spare | Does not hold usable data but is available to be added to a RAID group in an aggregate, also known as a hot spare |
Parity | Store data reconstruction information within the RAID group |
dParity | Stores double-parity information within the RAID group, if RAID-DP is enabled |
Disk Commands |
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Display | disk show ## list all unnassigned/assigned disks |
Adding (assigning) | ## Add a specific disk to pool1 the mirror pool disk assign <disk_name> -p 1 ## Assign all disk to pool 0, by default they are assigned to pool 0 if the "-p" ## option is not specififed disk assign all -p 0 |
Remove (spin down disk) | disk remove <disk_name> |
Reassign | disk reassign -d <new_sysid> |
Replace | disk replace start <disk_name> <spare_disk_name> disk replace stop <disk_name> Note: uses Rapid RAID Recovery to copy data from the specified file system to the specified spare disk, you can stop this process using the stop command |
Zero spare disks | disk zero spares |
fail a disk | disk fail <disk_name> |
Scrub a disk | disk scrub start disk scrub stop |
Sanitize | disk sanitize start <disk list> disk sanitize abort <disk_list> disk sanitize status disk sanitize release <disk_list> Note: the release modifies the state of the disk from sanitize to spare. Sanitize requires a license. |
Maintanence | disk maint start -d <disk_list> disk maint abort <disk_list> disk maint list disk maint status Note: you can test the disk using maintain mode |
swap a disk | disk swap disk unswap Note: it stalls all SCSI I/O until you physically replace or add a disk, can used on SCSI disk only. |
Statisics | disk_stat <disk_name> |
Simulate a pulled disk | disk simpull <disk_name> |
Simulate a pushed disk | disk simpush -l disk simpush <complete path of disk obtained from above command> ## Example ontap1> disk simpush -l The following pulled disks are available for pushing: v0.16:NETAPP__:VD-1000MB-FZ-520:14161400:2104448 ontap1> disk simpush v0.16:NETAPP__:VD-1000MB-FZ-520:14161400:2104448 |
Aggregates
Aggregate States |
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Online | Read and write access to volumes is allowed |
Restricted | Some operations, such as parity reconstruction are allowed, but data access is not allowed |
Offline | No access to the aggregate is allowed |
Aggregate Status Values |
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32-bit | This aggregate is a 32-bit aggregate |
64-bit | This aggregate is a 64-bit aggregate |
aggr | This aggregate is capable of contain FlexVol volumes |
copying | This aggregate is currently the target aggregate of an active copy operation |
degraded | This aggregate is contains at least one RAID group with single disk failure that is not being reconstructed |
double degraded | This aggregate is contains at least one RAID group with double disk failure that is not being reconstructed (RAID-DP aggregate only) |
foreign | Disks that the aggregate contains were moved to the current storage system from another storage system |
growing | Disks are in the process of being added to the aggregate |
initializing | The aggregate is in the process of being initialized |
invalid | The aggregate contains no volumes and none can be added. Typically this happend only after an aborted "aggr copy" operation |
ironing | A WAFL consistency check is being performewd on the aggregate |
mirror degraded | The aggregate is mirrored and one of its plexes is offline or resynchronizing |
mirrored | The aggregate is mirrored |
needs check | WAFL consistency check needs to be performed on the aggregate |
normal | The aggregate is unmirrored and all of its RAID groups are functional |
out-of-date | The aggregate is mirrored and needs to be resynchronized |
partial | At least one disk was found for the aggregate, but two or more disks are missing |
raid0 | The aggrgate consists of RAID 0 (no parity) RAID groups |
raid4 | The agrregate consists of RAID 4 RAID groups |
raid_dp | The agrregate consists of RAID-DP RAID groups |
reconstruct | At least one RAID group in the aggregate is being reconstructed |
redirect | Aggregate reallocation or file reallocation with the "-p" option has been started on the aggregate, read performance will be degraded |
resyncing | One of the mirror aggregates plexes is being resynchronized |
snapmirror | The aggregate is a SnapMirror replica of another aggregate (traditional volumes only) |
trad | The aggregate is a traditional volume and cannot contain FlexVol volumes. |
verifying | A mirror operation is currently running on the aggregate |
wafl inconsistent | The aggregate has been marked corrupted; contact techincal support |
Aggregate Commands |
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Displaying | aggr status aggr status -r aggr status <aggregate> [-v] |
Check you have spare disks | aggr status -s |
Adding (creating) | ## Syntax - if no option is specified then the defult is used ## create aggregated called newfastaggr using 20 x 15000rpm disks Note: -f = overrides the default behavior that does not permit disks in a plex to belong to different disk pools |
Remove(destroying) | aggr offline <aggregate> aggr destroy <aggregate> |
Unremoving(undestroying) | aggr undestroy <aggregate> |
Rename | aggr rename <old name> <new name> |
Increase size | ## Syntax aggr add <aggr_name> [-f] [-n] [-g {raid_group_name | new |all}] <disk_list> ## add an additonal disk to aggregate pfvAggr, use "aggr status" to get group name aggr status pfvAggr -r aggr add pfvAggr -g rg0 -d v5.25 ## Add 4 300GB disk to aggregate aggr1 aggr add aggr1 4@300 |
offline | aggr offline <aggregate> |
online | aggr online <aggregate> |
restricted state | aggr restrict <aggregate> |
Change an aggregate options | ## to display the aggregates options |
show space usage | aggr show_space <aggregate> |
Mirror | aggr mirror <aggregate> |
Split mirror | aggr split <aggregate/plex> <new_aggregate> |
Copy from one agrregate to another | ## Obtain the status aggr copy status ## Start a copy aggr copy start <aggregate source> <aggregate destination> ## Abort a copy - obtain the operation number by using "aggr copy status" aggr copy abort <operation number> ## Throttle the copy 10=full speed, 1=one-tenth full speed aggr copy throttle <operation number> <throttle speed> |
Scrubbing (parity) | ## Media scrub status Note: Starts parity scrubbing on the named online aggregate. Parity scrubbing compares the data disks to the Look at the following system options: raid.scrub.duration 360 |
Verify (mirroring) | ## verify status Note: Starts RAID mirror verification on the named online mirrored aggregate. If no name is given, then |
Media Scrub | aggr media_scrub status Look at the following system options: |
Volumes
Volume States |
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Online | Read and write access to this volume is allowed. |
Restricted | Some operations, such as parity reconstruction, are allowed, but data access is not allowed. |
Offline | No access to the volume is allowed. |
Volume Status Values |
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access denied | The origin system is not allowing access. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
active redirect | The volume's containing aggregate is undergoing reallocation (with the -p option specified). Read performance may be reduced while the volume is in this state. |
connecting | The caching system is trying to connect to the origin system. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
copying | The volume is currently the target of an active vol copy or snapmirror operation. |
degraded | The volume's containing aggregate contains at least one degraded RAID group that is not being reconstructed after single disk failure. |
double degraded | The volume's containing aggregate contains at least one degraded RAID-DP group that is not being reconstructed after double disk failure. |
flex | The volume is a FlexVol volume. |
flexcache | The volume is a FlexCache volume. |
foreign | Disks used by the volume's containing aggregate were moved to the current storage system from another storage system. |
growing | Disks are being added to the volume's containing aggregate. |
initializing | The volume's containing aggregate is being initialized. |
invalid | The volume does not contain a valid file system. |
ironing | A WAFL consistency check is being performed on the volume's containing aggregate. |
lang mismatch | The language setting of the origin volume was changed since the caching volume was created. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
mirror degraded | The volume's containing aggregate is mirrored and one of its plexes is offline or resynchronizing. |
mirrored | The volume's containing aggregate is mirrored. |
needs check | A WAFL consistency check needs to be performed on the volume's containing aggregate. |
out-of-date | The volume's containing aggregate is mirrored and needs to be resynchronized. |
partial | At least one disk was found for the volume's containing aggregate, but two or more disks are missing. |
raid0 | The volume's containing aggregate consists of RAID0 (no parity) groups (array LUNs only). |
raid4 | The volume's containing aggregate consists of RAID4 groups. |
raid_dp | The volume's containing aggregate consists of RAID-DP groups. |
reconstruct | At least one RAID group in the volume's containing aggregate is being reconstructed. |
redirect | The volume's containing aggregate is undergoing aggregate reallocation or file reallocation with the -p option. Read performance to volumes in the aggregate might be degraded. |
rem vol changed | The origin volume was deleted and re-created with the same name. Re-create the FlexCache volume to reenable the FlexCache relationship. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
rem vol unavail | The origin volume is offline or has been deleted. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
remote nvram err | The origin system is experiencing problems with its NVRAM. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
resyncing | One of the plexes of the volume's containing mirrored aggregate is being resynchronized. |
snapmirrored | The volume is in a SnapMirror relationship with another volume. |
trad | The volume is a traditional volume. |
unrecoverable | The volume is a FlexVol volume that has been marked unrecoverable; contact technical support. |
unsup remote vol | The origin system is running a version of Data ONTAP the does not support FlexCache volumes or is not compatible with the version running on the caching system. (FlexCache volumes only.) |
verifying | RAID mirror verification is running on the volume's containing aggregate. |
wafl inconsistent | The volume or its containing aggregate has been marked corrupted; contact technical support . |
General Volume Operations (Traditional and FlexVol) |
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Displaying | vol status vol status -l (display language) |
Remove (destroying) | vol offline <vol_name> vol destroy <vol_name> |
Rename | vol rename <old_name> <new_name> |
online | vol online <vol_name> |
offline | vol offline <vol_name> |
restrict | vol restrict <vol_name> |
decompress | vol decompress status vol decompress start <vol_name> vol decompress stop <vol_name> |
Mirroring | vol mirror volname [-n][-v victim_volname][-f][-d <disk_list>] Note: |
Change language | vol lang <vol_name> <language> |
Change maximum number of files | ## Display maximum number of files maxfiles <vol_name> ## Change maximum number of files maxfiles <vol_name> <max_num_files> |
Change root volume | vol options <vol_name> root |
Media Scrub | vol media_scrub status [volname|plexname|groupname -s disk-name][-v] Look at the following system options: |
FlexVol Volume Operations (only) |
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Adding (creating) | ## Syntax ## Create a 200MB volume using the english character set |
additional disks | ## add an additional disk to aggregate flexvol1, use "aggr status" to get group name aggr status flexvol1 -r aggr add flexvol1 -g rg0 -d v5.25 |
Resizing | vol size <vol_name> [+|-] n{k|m|g|t} ## Increase flexvol1 volume by 100MB vol size flexvol1 + 100m |
Automatically resizing | vol autosize vol_name [-m size {k|m|g|t}] [-I size {k|m|g|t}] on ## automatically grow by 10MB increaments to max of 500MB vol autosize flexvol1 -m 500m -I 10m on |
Determine free space and Inodes | df -Ah df -I |
Determine size | vol size <vol_name> |
automatic free space preservation | vol options <vol_name> try_first [volume_grow|snap_delete] Note: |
display a FlexVol volume's containing aggregate | vol container <vol_name> |
Cloning | vol clone create clone_vol [-s none|file|volume] -b parent_vol [parent_snap] Note: The vol clone create command creates a flexible volume named clone_vol on the local filer that is a clone of a "backing" flexible volume named par_ent_vol. A clone is a volume that is a writable snapshot of another volume. Initially, the clone and its parent share the same storage; more storage space is consumed only as one volume or the other changes. |
Copying | vol copy start [-S|-s snapshot] <vol_source> <vol_destination> ## Example - Copies the nightly snapshot named nightly.1 on volume vol0 on the local filer to the volume vol0 on remote ## filer named toaster1. Note: Copies all data, including snapshots, from one volume to another. If the -S flag is used, the command copies all snapshots in the source volume to the destination volume. To specify a particular snapshot to copy, use the -s flag followed by the name of the snapshot. If neither the -S nor -s flag is used in the command, the filer automatically creates a distinctively-named snapshot at the time the vol copy start command is executed and copies only that snapshot to the destination volume. |
Traditional Volume Operations (only) |
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adding (creating) | vol|aggr create vol_name -v [-l language_code] [-f] [-m] [-n] [-v] [-t {raid4|raid_dp}] [-r raidsize] [-T disk-type] -R rpm] [-L] disk-list ## create traditional volume using aggr command aggr create tradvol1 -l en -t raid4 -d v5.26 v5.27 ## create traditional volume using vol command vol create tradvol1 -l en -t raid4 -d v5.26 v5.27 ## Create traditional volume using 20 disks, each RAID group can have 10 disks vol create vol1 -r 10 20 |
additional disks | vol add volname[-f][-n][-g <raidgroup>]{ ndisks[@size]|-d <disk_list> } ## add another disk to the already existing traditional volume vol add tradvol1 -d v5.28 |
splitting | aggr split <volname/plexname> <new_volname> |
Scrubing (parity) | ## The more new "aggr scrub " command is preferred |
Verify (mirroring) | ## The more new "aggr verify" command is preferred Note: Starts RAID mirror verification on the named online mirrored aggregate. If no name is given, then |
FlexCache Volumes
FlexCache Consistency |
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Delegations | You can think of a delegation as a contract between the origin system and the caching volume; as long as the caching volume has the delegation, the file has not changed. Delegations are used only in certain situations. When data from a file is retrieved from the origin volume, the origin system can give a delegation for that file to the caching volume. Before that file is modified on the origin volume, whether due to a request from another caching volume or due to direct client access, the origin system revokes the delegation for that file from all caching volumes that have that delegation. |
Attribute cache timeouts | When data is retrieved from the origin volume, the file that contains that data is considered valid in the FlexCache volume as long as a delegation exists for that file. If no delegation exists, the file is considered valid for a certain length of time, specified by the attribute cache timeout. If a client requests data from a file for which there are no delegations, and the attribute cache timeout has been exceeded, the FlexCache volume compares the file attributes of the cached file with the attributes of the file on the origin system. |
write operation proxy | If a client modifies a file that is cached, that operation is passed back, or proxied through, to the origin system, and the file is ejected from the cache. When the write is proxied, the attributes of the file on the origin volume are changed. This means that when another client requests data from that file, any other FlexCache volume that has that data cached will re-request the data after the attribute cache timeout is reached. |
FlexCache Status Values |
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access denied | The origin system is not allowing FlexCache access. Check the setting of the flexcache.access option on the origin system. |
connecting | The caching system is trying to connect to the origin system. |
lang mismatch | The language setting of the origin volume was changed since the FlexCache volume was created. |
rem vol changed | The origin volume was deleted and re-created with the same name. Re-create the FlexCache volume to reenable the FlexCache relationship. |
rem vol unavail | The origin volume is offline or has been deleted. |
remote nvram err | The origin system is experiencing problems with its NVRAM. |
unsup remote vol | The origin system is running a version of Data ONTAP that either does not support FlexCache volumes or is not compatible with the version running on the caching system. |
FlexCache Commands |
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Display | vol status vol status -v <flexcache_name> ## How to display the options available and what they are set to vol help options vol options <flexcache_name> |
Display free space | df -L |
Adding (Create) | ## Syntax vol create <flexcache_name> <aggr> [size{k|m|g|t}] -S origin:source_vol ## Create a FlexCache volume called flexcache1 with autogrow in aggr1 aggregate with the source volume vol1 ## on storage netapp1 server vol create flexcache1 aggr1 -S netapp1:vol1 |
Removing (destroy) | vol offline < flexcache_name> vol destroy <flexcache_name> |
Automatically resizing | vol options <flexcache_name> flexcache_autogrow [on|off] |
Eject file from cache | flexcache eject <path> [-f] |
Statistics | ## Client stats flexcache stats -C <flexcache_name> ## Server stats flexcache stats -S <volume_name> -c <client> ## File stats flexcache fstat <path> |
FlexClone Volumes
FlexClone Commands |
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Display | vol status vol status <flexclone_name> -v df -Lh |
adding (create) | ## Syntax vol clone create clone_name [-s {volume|file|none}] -b parent_name [parent_snap] ## create a flexclone called flexclone1 from the parent flexvol1 vol clone create flexclone1 -b flexvol1 |
Removing (destroy) | vol offline <flexclone_name> vol destroy <flexclone_name> |
splitting | ## Determine the free space required to perform the split vol clone split estimate <flexclone_name> ## Double check you have the space df -Ah ## Perform the split vol clone split start <flexclone_name> ## Check up on its status vol colne split status <flexclone_name> ## Stop the split vol clone split stop <flexclone_name> |
log file | /etc/log/clone The clone log file records the following information: • Cloning operation ID • The name of the volume in which the cloning operation was performed • Start time of the cloning operation • End time of the cloning operation • Parent file/LUN and clone file/LUN names • Parent file/LUN ID • Status of the clone operation: successful, unsuccessful, or stopped and some other details |
Deduplication
Deduplication Commands |
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start/restart deduplication operation | sis start -s <path> sis start -s /vol/flexvol1 ## Use previous checkpoint sis start -sp <path> |
stop deduplication operation | sis stop <path> |
schedule deduplication | sis config -s <schedule> <path>
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enabling | sis on <path> |
disabling | sis off <path> |
status | sis status -l <path> |
Display saved space | df -s <path> |
QTrees
QTree Commands |
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Display | qtree status [-i] [-v] Note: The -i option includes the qtree ID number in the display. The -v option includes the owning vFiler unit, if the MultiStore license is enabled. |
adding (create) | ## Syntax - by default wafl.default_qtree_mode option is used qtree create path [-m mode] ## create a news qtree in the /vol/users volume using 770 as permissions qtree create /vol/users/news -m 770 |
Remove | rm -Rf <directory> |
Rename | mv <old_name> <new_name> |
convert a directory into a qtree directory | ## Move the directory to a different directory mv /n/joel/vol1/dir1 /n/joel/vol1/olddir ## Create the qtree qtree create /n/joel/vol1/dir1 ## Move the contents of the old directory back into the new QTree mv /n/joel/vol1/olddir/* /n/joel/vol1/dir1 ## Remove the old directory name rmdir /n/joel/vol1/olddir |
stats | qtree stats [-z] [vol_name] Note: -z = zero stats |
Change the security style | ## Syntax ## Change the security style of /vol/users/docs to mixed |
Quotas
Quota Commands |
|
Quotas configuration file | /mroot/etc/quotas |
Example quota file | ## hard limit | thres |soft limit ##Quota Target type disk files| hold |disk file ##------------- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- ---- |
Displaying | quota report [<path>] |
Activating | quota on [-w] <vol_name> |
Deactivitating | quota off [-w] <vol_name> |
Reinitializing | quota off [-w] <vol_name> quota on [-w] <vol_name> |
Resizing | quota resize <vol_name> Note: this commands rereads the quota file |
Deleting | edit the quota file quota resize <vol_name> |
log messaging | quota logmsg |
LUNs, igroups and LUN mapping
LUN configuration |
|
Display | lun show lun show -m lun show -v |
Initialize/Configure LUNs, mapping | lun setup Note: follow the prompts to create and configure LUN's |
Create | lun create -s 100m -t windows /vol/tradvol1/lun1 |
Destroy | lun destroy [-f] /vol/tradvol1/lun1 Note: the "-f" will force the destroy |
Resize | lun resize <lun path> <size> lun resize /vol/tradvol1/lun1 75m |
Restart block protocol access | lun online /vol/tradvol1/lun1 |
Stop block protocol access |
lun offline /vol/tradvol1/lun1 |
Map a LUN to an initiator group | lun map /vol/tradvol1/lun1 win_hosts_group1 0 Note: use "-f" to force the mapping |
Remove LUN mapping | lun show -m lun offline /vol/tradvol1 lun unmap /vol/tradvol1/lun1 win_hosts_group1 0 |
Displays or zeros read/write statistics for LUN | lun stats /vol/tradvol1/lun1 |
Comments | lun comment /vol/tradvol1/lun1 "10GB for payroll records" |
Check all lun/igroup/fcp settings for correctness | lun config_check -v |
Manage LUN cloning | # Create a Snapshot copy of the volume containing the LUN to be cloned by entering the following command # Create the LUN clone by entering the following command |
Show the maximum possible size of a LUN on a given volume or qtree | lun maxsize /vol/tradvol1 |
Move (rename) LUN | lun move /vol/tradvol1/lun1 /vol/tradvol1/windows_lun1 |
Display/change LUN serial number | lun serial -x /vol/tradvol1/lun1 |
Manage LUN properties | lun set reservation /vol/tradvol1/hpux/lun0 |
Configure NAS file-sharing properties | lun share <lun_path> { none | read | write | all } |
Manage LUN and snapshot interactions | lun snap usage -s <volume> <snapshot> |
igroup configuration |
|
display | igroup show igroup show -v igroup show iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:xblade |
create (iSCSI) | igroup create -i -t windows win_hosts_group1 iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:xblade |
create (FC) | igroup create -i -f windows win_hosts_group1 iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:xblade |
destroy | igroup destroy win_hosts_group1 |
add initiators to an igroup | igroup add win_hosts_group1 iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:laptop |
remove initiators to an igroup | igroup remove win_hosts_group1 iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:laptop |
rename | igroup rename win_hosts_group1 win_hosts_group2 |
set O/S type | igroup set win_hosts_group1 ostype windows |
Enabling ALUA | igroup set win_hosts_group1 alua yes Note: ALUA defines a standard set of SCSI commands for discovering and managing multiple paths to LUNs on Fibre Channel and iSCSI SANs. ALUA enables the initiator to query the target about path attributes, such as primary path and secondary path. It also enables the target to communicate events back to the initiator. As long as the host supports the ALUA standard, multipathing software can be developed to support any array. Proprietary SCSI commands are no longer required. |
iSCSI commands |
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display | iscsi initiator show iscsi session show [-t] iscsi connection show -v iscsi security show |
status | iscsi status |
start | iscsi start |
stop | iscsi stop |
stats | iscsi stats |
nodename | iscsi nodename # to change the name iscsi nodename <new name> |
interfaces | iscsi interface show iscsi interface enable e0b iscsi interface disable e0b |
portals | iscsi portal show Note: Use the iscsi portal show command to display the target IP addresses of the storage system. The storage system's target IP addresses are the addresses of the interfaces used for the iSCSI protocol |
accesslists | iscsi interface accesslist show Note: you can add or remove interfaces from the list |
Port Sets |
|
display | portset show igroup show linux-igroup1 |
create | portset create -f portset1 SystemA:4b |
destroy | igroup unbind linux-igroup1 portset1 portset destroy portset1 |
add | portset add portset1 SystemB:4b |
remove | portset remove portset1 SystemB:4b |
binding | igroup bind linux-igroup1 portset1 igroup unbind linux-igroup1 portset1 |
FCP service |
|
display | fcp show adapter -v |
daemon status | fcp status |
start | fcp start |
stop | fcp stop |
stats | fcp stats -i interval [-c count] [-a | adapter] fcp stats -i 1 |
target expansion adapters | fcp config <adapter> [down|up] fcp config 4a down |
target adapter speed | fcp config <adapter> speed [auto|1|2|4|8] fcp config 4a speed 8 |
set WWPN # | fcp portname set [-f] adapter wwpn fcp portname set -f 1b 50:0a:09:85:87:09:68:ad |
swap WWPN # | fcp portname swap [-f] adapter1 adapter2 fcp portname swap -f 1a 1b |
change WWNN | # display nodename fcp nodename 50:0a:09:80:82:02:8d:ff Note: The WWNN of a storage system is generated by a serial number in its NVRAM, but it is stored ondisk. If you ever replace a storage system chassis and reuse it in the same Fibre Channel SAN, it is possible, although extremely rare, that the WWNN of the replaced storage system is duplicated. In this unlikely event, you can change the WWNN of the storage system. |
WWPN Aliases - display | fcp wwpn-alias show |
WWPN Aliases - create | fcp wwpn-alias set [-f] alias wwpn fcp wwpn-alias set my_alias_1 10:00:00:00:c9:30:80:2f |
WWPN Aliases - remove | fcp wwpn-alias remove [-a alias ... | -w wwpn] fcp wwpn-alias remove -a my_alias_1 |
Snapshotting and Cloning
Snapshot and Cloning commands |
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Display clones | snap list |
create clone | # Create a LUN by entering the following command # Create a Snapshot copy of the volume containing the LUN to be cloned by entering the following command # Create the LUN clone by entering the following command |
destroy clone | # display the snapshot copies # Delete all the LUNs in the active file system that are displayed by the lun snap usage command by entering the following command # Delete all the Snapshot copies that are displayed by the lun snap usage command in the order they appear |
clone dependency | vol options <vol_name> <snapshot_clone_dependency> on Note: Prior to Data ONTAP 7.3, the system automatically locked all backing Snapshot copies when Snapshot copies of LUN clones were taken. Starting with Data ONTAP 7.3, you can enable the system to only lock backing Snapshot copies for the active LUN clone. If you do this, when you delete the active LUN clone, you can delete the base Snapshot copy without having to first delete all of the more recent backing Snapshot copies. |
Restoring snapshot | snap restore -s payroll_lun_backup.2 -t vol /vol/payroll_lun |
splitting the clone | lun clone split start lun_path lun clone split status lun_path |
stop clone splitting | lun clone split stop lun_path |
delete snapshot copy | snap delete vol-name snapshot-name snap delete -a -f <vol-name> |
disk space usage | lun snap usage tradvol1 mysnap |
Use Volume copy to copy LUN's | vol copy start -S source:source_volume dest:dest_volume vol copy start -S /vol/vol0 filerB:/vol/vol1 |
The estimated rate of change of data between Snapshot copies in a volume |
snap delta /vol/tradvol1 tradvol1_snapshot_08122010 |
The estimated amount of space freed if you delete the specified Snapshot copies |
snap reclaimable /vol/tradvol1 tradvol1_snapshot_08122010 |
File Access using NFS
Export Options |
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actual=<path> | Specifies the actual file system path corresponding to the exported file system path. | ||||||||||
anon=<uid>|<name> | Specifies the effective user ID (or name) of all anonymous or root NFS client users that access the file system path. | ||||||||||
nosuid | Disables setuid and setgid executables and mknod commands on the file system path. | ||||||||||
ro | ro=clientid | Specifies which NFS clients have read-only access to the file system path. | ||||||||||
rw | rw=clientid | Specifies which NFS clients have read-write access to the file system path. | ||||||||||
root=clientid | Specifies which NFS clients have root access to the file system path. If you specify the root= option, you must specify at least one NFS client identifier. To exclude NFS clients from the list, prepend the NFS client identifiers with a minus sign (-). | ||||||||||
sec=sectype | Specifies the security types that an NFS client must support to access the file system path. To apply the security types to all types of access, specify the sec= option once. To apply the security types to specific types of access (anonymous, non-super user, read-only, read-write, or root), specify the sec= option at least twice, once before each access type to which it applies (anon, nosuid, ro, rw, or root, respectively). security types could be one of the following:
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Examples | rw=10.45.67.0/24 |
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Export Commands |
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Displaying | exportfs |
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create | # create export in memory and write to /etc/exports (use default options) # create export in memory and write to /etc/exports (use specific options) |
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remove | # Memory only exportfs -u <path> # Memory and /etc/exportfs exportfs -z <path> |
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export all | exportfs -a | ||||||||||
check access | exportfs -c 192.168.0.80 /vol/nfs1 | ||||||||||
flush | exportfs -f exportfs -f <path> |
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reload | exportfs -r | ||||||||||
storage path | exportfs -s <path> | ||||||||||
Write export to a file | exportfs -w <path/export_file> | ||||||||||
fencing | # Suppose /vol/vol0 is exported with the following export options: |
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stats | nfsstat |
File Access using CIFS
Useful CIFS options |
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change the security style | options wafl.default_security_style {ntfs | unix | mixed} |
timeout | options cifs.idle_timeout time |
Performance | options cifs.oplocks.enable on Note: Under some circumstances, if a process has an exclusive oplock on a file and a second process attempts to open the file, the first process must invalidate cached data and flush writes and locks. The client must then relinquish the oplock and access to the file. If there is a network failure during this flush, cached write data might be lost. |
CIFS Commands |
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useful files | /etc/cifsconfig_setup.cfg
/etc/usermap.cfs
/etc/passwd
/etc/cifsconfig_share.cfg
Note: use "rdfile" to read the file |
CIFS setup | cifs setup Note: you will be prompted to answer a number of questions based on what requirements you need. |
start | cifs restart |
stop | cifs terminate # terminate a specific client cifs terminate <client_name>|<IP Address> |
sessions | cifs sessions cifs sessions <user> cifs sessions <IP Address> # Authentication cifs sessions -t # Changes cifs sessions -c # Security Info cifs session -s |
Broadcast message | cifs broadcast * "message" cifs broadcast <client_name> "message" |
permissions | cifs access <share> <user|group> <permission> Note: rights can be Unix-style combinations of r w x - or NT-style "No Access", "Read", "Change", and "Full Control" |
stats | cifs stat <interval> cifs stat <user> cifs stat <IP Address> |
create a share | # create a volume in the normal way # then using qtrees set the style of the volume {ntfs | unix | mixed} # Now you can create your share |
change share characteristics | cifs shares -change sharename {-browse | -nobrowse} {-comment desc | - nocomment} {-maxusers userlimit | -nomaxusers} {-forcegroup groupname | -noforcegroup} {-widelink | -nowidelink} {-symlink_strict_security | - nosymlink_strict_security} {-vscan | -novscan} {-vscanread | - novscanread} {-umask mask | -noumask {-no_caching | -manual_caching | - auto_document_caching | -auto_program_caching} # example cifs shares -change <sharename> -novscan |
home directories | # Display home directories cifs homedir # Add a home directory wrfile -a /etc/cifs_homedir.cfg /vol/TEST # check it rdfile /etc/cifs_homedir.cfg # Display for a Windows Server net view \\<Filer IP Address> # Connect net use * \\192.168.0.75\TEST Note: make sure the directory exists |
domain controller | # add a domain controller # delete a domain controller # List the preferred controllers |
change filers domain password | cifs changefilerpwd |
Tracing permission problems | sectrace add [-ip ip_address] [-ntuser nt_username] [-unixuser unix_username] [-path path_prefix] [-a] #Examples # To remove |
File Access using FTP
Useful Options |
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Enable | options ftpd.enable on |
Disable | options ftpd.enable off |
File Locking | options ftpd.locking delete options ftpd.locking none Note: To prevent users from modifying files while the FTP server is transferring them, you can enable FTP file locking. Otherwise, you can disable FTP file locking. By default, FTP file locking is disabled. |
Authenication Style | options ftpd.auth_style {unix | ntlm | mixed} |
bypassing of FTP traverse checking | options ftpd.bypass_traverse_checking on |
Restricting FTP users to a specific directory | options ftpd.dir.restriction on |
Restricting FTP users to their home directories or a default directory | options ftpd.dir.override "" |
Maximum number of connections | options ftpd.max_connections n options ftpd.max_connections_threshold n |
idle timeout value | options ftpd.idle_timeout n s | m | h |
anonymous logins | options ftpd.anonymous.enable on options ftpd.anonymous.enable off # specify the name for the anonymous login options ftpd.anonymous.name username # create the directory for the anonymous login options ftpd.anonymous.home_dir homedir |
FTP Commands |
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Log files | /etc/log/ftp.cmd /etc/log/ftp.xfer # specify the max number of logfiles (default is 6) and size options ftpd.log.nfiles 10 options ftpd.log.filesize 1G Note: use rdfile to view |
Restricting access | /etc/ftpusers Note: using rdfile and wrfile to access /etc/ftpusers |
stats | ftp stat # to reset ftp stat -z |
File Access using HTTP
HTTP Options |
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enable | options httpd.enable on |
disable | options httpd.enable off |
Enabling or disabling the bypassing of HTTP traverse checking | options httpd.bypass_traverse_checking on options httpd.bypass_traverse_checking off Note: this is similar to the FTP version |
root directory | options httpd.rootdir /vol0/home/users/pages |
Host access | options httpd.access host=Host1 AND if=e3 options httpd.admin.access host!=Host1 |
HTTP Commands |
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Log files | /etc/log/httpd.log # use the below to change the logfile format options httpd.log.format alt1 Note: use rdfile to view |
redirects | redirect /cgi-bin/* http://cgi-host/* |
pass rule | pass /image-bin/* |
fail rule | fail /usr/forbidden/* |
mime types | /etc/httpd.mimetypes Note: use rdfile and wrfile to edit |
interface firewall | ifconfig f0 untrusted |
stats | httpstat [-dersta] # reset the stats httpstat -z[derta] |
Network Interfaces
Display | ifconfig -a ifconfig <interface> |
IP address | ifconfig e0 <IP Address> ifconfig e0a <IP Address> # Remove a IP Address ifconfig e3 0 |
subnet mask | ifconfig e0a netmask <subnet mask address> |
broadcast | ifconfig e0a broadcast <broadcast address> |
media type | ifconfig e0a mediatype 100tx-fd |
maximum transmission unit (MTU) | ifconfig e8 mtusize 9000 |
Flow control | ifconfig <interface_name> <flowcontrol> <value> Note: value is the flow control type. You can specify the following values for the flowcontrol option: |
trusted | ifconfig e8 untrusted Note: You can specify whether a network interface is trustworthy or untrustworthy. When you specify an interface as untrusted (untrustworthy), any packets received on the interface are likely to be dropped. |
HA Pair | ifconfig e8 partner <IP Address> nfo — Enables negotiated failover Note: In an HA pair, you can assign a partner IP address to a network interface. The network interface takes over this IP address when a failover occurs |
Alias | # Create alias ifconfig e0 alias 192.0.2.30 # Remove alias ifconfig e0 -alias 192.0.2.30 |
Block/Unblock protocols | # Block options interface.blocked.cifs e9 options interface.blocked.cifs e0a,e0b # Unblock options interface.blocked.cifs "" |
Stats | ifstat netstat Note: there are many options to both these commands so I will leave to the man pages |
bring up/down an interface | ifconfig <interface> up ifconfig <interface> down |
Routing
default route | # using wrfile and rdfile edit the /etc/rc file with the below route add default 192.168.0.254 1 # the full /etc/rc file will look like something below hostname netapp1 ifconfig e0 192.168.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 mediatype 100tx-fd route add default 192.168.0.254 1 routed on |
enable/disable fast path | options ip.fastpath.enable {on|off} Note: on — Enables fast path off — Disables fast path |
enable/disable routing daemon | routed {on|off} Note: on — Turns on the routed daemon off — Turns off the routed daemon |
Display routing table | netstat -rn route -s routed status |
Add to routing table |
route add 192.168.0.15 gateway.com 1 |
Hosts and DNS
Hosts | # use wrfile and rdfile to read and edit /etc/hosts file , it basically use the sdame rules as a Unix |
nsswitch file | # use wrfile and rdfile to read and edit /etc/nsswitch.conf file , it basically uses the same rules as a |
DNS | # use wrfile and rdfile to read and edit /etc/resolv.conf file , it basically uses the same rules as a # Unix resolv.conf file options dns.enable {on|off} Note: on — Enables DNS off — Disables DNS |
Domain Name | options dns.domainname <domain> |
DNS cache | options dns.cache.enable options dns.cache.disable # To flush the DNS cache dns flush # To see dns cache information dns info |
DNS updates | options dns.update.enable {on|off|secure} Note: |
time-to-live (TTL) | options dns.update.ttl <time> # Example |
VLAN
Create | vlan create [-g {on|off}] ifname vlanid # Configure the VLAN interface e4-10 by using the following command |
Add | vlan add e4 40 50 |
Delete | # Delete specific VLAN vlan delete e4 30 # Delete All VLANs on a interface vlan delete e4 |
Enable/Disable GRVP on VLAN | vlan modify -g {on|off} ifname |
Stat | vlan stat <interface_name> <vlan_id> # Examples vlan stat e4 vlan stat e4 10 |
Interface Groups
Create (single-mode) | # To create a single-mode interface group, enter the following command: # To configure an IP address of 192.168.0.10 and a netmask of 255.255.255.0 on the singlemode interface group SingleTrunk1 # To specify the interface e1 as preferred |
Create ( multi-mode) | # To create a static multimode interface group, comprising interfaces e0, e1, e2, and e3 and using MAC # To create a dynamic multimode interface group, comprising interfaces e0, e1, e2, and e3 and using IP |
Create second level intreface group | # To create two interface groups and a second-level interface group. In this example, IP address load # To enable failover to a multimode interface group with higher aggregate bandwidth when one or more of Note: You can create a second-level interface group by using two multimode interface groups. Secondlevel interface groups enable you to provide a standby multimode interface group in case the primary multimode interface group fails. |
Create second level intreface group in a HA pair | # Use the following commands to create a second-level interface group in an HA pair. In this example, # IP-based load balancing is used for the multimode interface groups. # On StorageSystem1: ifgrp create multi Firstlev1 e1 e2 ifgrp create multi Firstlev2 e3 e4 ifgrp create single Secondlev1 Firstlev1 Firstlev2 # On StorageSystem2 : ifgrp create multi Firstlev3 e5 e6 ifgrp create multi Firstlev4 e7 e8 ifgrp create single Secondlev2 Firstlev3 Firstlev4 # On StorageSystem1: ifconfig Secondlev1 partner Secondlev2 # On StorageSystem2 : ifconfig Secondlev2 partner Secondlev1 |
Favoured/non-favoured interface | # select favoured interface # select a non-favoured interface |
Add | ifgrp add MultiTrunk1 e4 |
Delete | ifconfig MultiTrunk1 down ifgrp delete MultiTrunk1 e4 Note: You must configure the interface group to the down state before you can delete a network interface from the interface group |
Destroy | ifconfig ifgrp_name down Note: You must configure the interface group to the down state before you can delete a network interface |
Enable/disable a interface group | ifconfig ifgrp_name up ifconfig ifgrp_name down |
Status | ifgrp status [ifgrp_name] |
Stat | ifgrp stat [ifgrp_name] [interval] |
Diagnostic Tools
Useful options |
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Ping thottling | # Throttle ping options ip.ping_throttle.drop_level <packets_per_second> # Disable ping throttling options ip.ping_throttle.drop_level 0 |
Forged IMCP attacks | options ip.icmp_ignore_redirect.enable on Note: You can disable ICMP redirect messages to protect your storage system against forged ICMP redirect attacks. |
Useful Commands |
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netdiag | The netdiag command continuously gathers and analyzes statistics, and performs diagnostic tests. These diagnostic tests identify and report problems with your physical network or transport layers and suggest remedial action. |
ping | You can use the ping command to test whether your storage system can reach other hosts on your network. |
pktt | You can use the pktt command to trace the packets sent and received in the storage system's network. |