There is a new feature to the way Solaris 10 handles services, this feature is called Service Management facility (SMF).
Terminology
Fault managed resource identifiers (FMRI) identifies services
svc :/system/system- log:default
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svc: |
Service type |
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/system/system-log |
Name |
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:default |
Instance |
The repository is the source for all known services on the system, it imports the service manifest into the database and then never references the manifest again.
The manifest properties are the following and are contained in a xml file (see appendix A).
- Name of service
- Number of instances
- Start, stop and refresh methods
- Property groups
- Service model
- Fault handling
- Documentation template
A milestone is a predefined set of capabilities for a set of services, similar to a run level
File locations
| SMF log files |
/var/svc/log |
| SMF log files |
/etc/svc/volatile |
| SMF manifests |
/var/svc/manifest/* |
| SMF method |
/lib/svc/method/* |
Daemons
| start svc daemon |
svc.startd |
| svc configuration daemon |
svc.configd |
Service Commands
| Show the state of all services |
svcs –a |
| Show detailed information |
svcs –l |
| Show the dependencies |
svcs –d |
| Show the dependents |
svcs –D |
| show the processes of a service |
svcs –p |
| Explain why the service failed |
svcs –x |
| verbose information |
svcs –v |
| Disable a service (stop) |
svcadm disable |
| Enabled a service (start) |
svcadm enable |
| restart a service |
svcadm restart |
| Reread the config file (HUP) |
svcadm refresh |
| Put service into maintenance/degrade mode |
svcadm mark |
| Start a service to the desired milestone level |
svcadm milestone |
| Show values for a given property |
svcprop –p |
| show details from a snapshot |
svcprop –s |
INETD services commands
| List all configured inetd services |
inetadm |
| Detailed information on a inetd service |
inetadm -l |
| enable a inetd service |
inetadm -e |
| disable a inetd service |
inetadm -d |
Administration
If a service fails to start
# svcs –xv
To modify the properties of an inetd service
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# inetadm –m spray bind_addr=”192.168.0.1”
# inetadm –l spray |
Repair a corrupt repository using the default repository
| Script |
# /lib/svc/bin/restore_repository (follow the prompts)
Note: all old repositories are in /etc/svc you can use an old one in place of the global |
| Manually |
# pstop “ pgrep svc.startd”
# kill svc.configd
# cp /etc/svc/repository.db /etc/svc/repository.bad
Global zone
# cp /lib/svc/seed/global.db /etc/svc/repository.db
# reboot
Non-Global zone
# cp /lib/svc/seed/nonglobal.db /etc/svc/repository.db
# reboot (only reboot zone)
Note: all old repositories are in /etc/svc you can use an old one in place of the global
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Start service interactively during boot
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Ok> boot –m milestone=none (login as root)
# svcadm milestone –t all (enable all services)
# svcs –l (look for hanging services and check log files /var/svc/log)
continue with normal boot procedures
Other boot commands are:
Ok> boot –m verbose (verbose output)
Ok> boot –m debug (very verbose output)
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Manifests
To check the integrity of a manifest xml file
# /usr/bin/xmllint mysvc.xml
To import your service manifest
# /usr/sbin/svccfg -v import /var/svc/manifest/site/mysvc.xml
Appendix A – screen shots
List of services configured
# svcs
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S80mipagent
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S81volmgt
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S82initsma
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S84appserv
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S90samba
online Mar_02 svc:/system/svc/ restarter:default
online Mar_02 svc:/network/ pfil:default
online Mar_02 svc:/system/ filesystem/root:default
online Mar_02 svc:/network/ loopback:default
online Mar_02 svc:/milestone/name- services:default
offline Mar_02 svc:/application/print/ ipp- listener:default
offline Mar_02 svc:/application/print/rfc1179:default
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A detailed list of a service
# svcs –l sendmail
fmri svc:/network/ smtp:sendmail
name sendmail SMTP mail transfer agent
enabled true
state online
next_state none
state_time Thu 03 Mar 2005 07:05:07 AM GMT
logfile / var/svc/log/network-smtp:sendmail.log
restarter svc:/system/svc/ restarter:default
contract_ id 216
dependency require_all/refresh file://localhost/etc/mail/sendmail.cf (online)
dependency require_all/refresh file://localhost/etc/nsswitch.conf (online)
dependency optional_all/none svc:/system/ filesystem/autofs (online)
dependency require_all/none svc:/system/ filesystem/local (online)
dependency require_all/none svc:/network/service (online)
dependency require_all/refresh svc:/milestone/name-services (online)
dependency optional_all/refresh svc:/system/ identity:domain (online)
dependency optional_all/none svc:/system/system-log (online)
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Appendix B – sendmail manifest
# cat ./ network/smtp-sendmail.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE service_bundle SYSTEM "/usr/share/lib/xml/dtd/service_bundle.dtd.1">
<!--
Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
ident "@(#) smtp-sendmail.xml 1.11 04/12/16 SMI"
NOTE: This service manifest is not editable; its contents will
be overwritten by package or patch operations, including
operating system upgrade. Make customizations in a different
file.
-->
<service_bundle type='manifest' name=' SUNWsndmr :sendmail'>
<service
name='network/smtp'
type='service'
version='1'>
<single_instance/>
<dependency
name='fs-local'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/filesystem/local'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='network-service'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/network/service'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='name-services'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/milestone/name-services'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='identity'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/identity:domain'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='system-log'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/system-log'/>
</dependency>
<instance name='sendmail' enabled='false'>
<dependency
name='config-file'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='path'>
<service_fmri
value='file://localhost/etc/mail/sendmail.cf'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='nsswitch'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='path'>
<service_fmri
value='file://localhost/etc/nsswitch.conf'/>
</dependency>
<!--
If autofs is enabled, wait for it to get users' home
directories.
-->
<dependency
name='autofs'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/filesystem/autofs'/>
</dependency>
<dependent
name='smtp-sendmail_multi-user'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'>
<service_fmri
value='svc:/milestone/multi-user'/>
</dependent>
<!--
Sendmail is hard-coded to sleep for 60 seconds if it cannot
determine the FQHN, so the timeout for start must be longer
than that.For details, see
http://www.sendmail.org/vendor/sun/differences.html#3.2
-->
<exec_method
type='method'
name='start'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail start'
timeout_seconds='120'/>
<exec_method
type='method'
name='stop'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail stop %{ restarter/contract}'
timeout_seconds='60'/>
<exec_method
type='method'
name='refresh'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail refresh'
timeout_seconds='60'/>
<property_group name='startd' type='framework'>
< propval name='ignore_error' type='astring'
value='core,signal'/>
</property_group>
<property_group name='general' type='framework'>
<propval name='action_authorization' type='astring'
value='solaris.smf.manage.sendmail'/>
</property_group>
<template>
<common_name>
<loctext xml :lang='C'>
sendmail SMTP mail transfer agent
</ loctext>
</common_name>
<documentation>
<manpage title='sendmail' section='1M'
manpath='/usr/share/man'/>
</documentation>
</template>
</instance>
<stability value='Unstable'/>
</service>
</service_bundle>
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